involving removing oil, metals, coal, stone, etc. from the ground

extractive industry Gold mining is an extractive industry that eventually exhausts the resource it exploits. 黄金开采是一种最终会让所发掘的资源枯竭的采掘工业。

The biggest extractive industry in Cornwall today is the mining of china clay. 现今在康沃尔最大的采掘业是瓷土的挖掘。

Most of these settlements were dependent upon extractive and processing activities. 大部分的这些村镇都依靠采掘和加工业。

involving taking a resource (= something valuable) or profit from something without trying to replace it or trying to avoid harming that thing

Cash crops are always "extractive" and tend to lower the overall fertility of the farm. 经济作物往往更具掠夺性，更易降低农场总体的肥力。

Banks have found it is easier and quicker to make money by being extractive and predatory. 银行发现通过榨取和掠夺来赚钱更容易更快速。