the fact of measuring only a short distance from the top to the bottom, or from where something is to the ground or surface

Because of the shallowness of the water, we could see the fish in it very clearly. 水浅鱼清。

The shallowness of the tree's roots make it vulnerable. 树根入土不深使其易受伤害。

the fact of taking in only a small amount of air with each breath

I noticed the shallowness of his breath. 我注意到他的呼吸很浅。