a person who is one of the first people to do something

one of the pioneers of modern science 现代科学的先驱之一

a pioneer heart surgeon 心脏外科的先驱

a person who goes to an area and builds a house, begins a farm, etc.

The pioneers went west across North America, cutting down forests and planting new crops. 拓荒者们穿过北美洲到西部去，砍伐树木，种植新的农作物。

to be one of the first people to do something

It was universities that pioneered these new industries. 是大学开创了这些新兴产业。