| 词汇 | penal |
| 释义 | penal adjective uk/ˈpiː.nəl/ us/ˈpiː.nəl/ (PUNISHMENT) [ before noun ]刑罚的;惩诫（性）的 of or relating to punishment given by law Many people believe that execution has no place in the penal system of a civilized society. 许多人认为文明社会的刑罚制度中不应有死刑。 He had been in and out of penal institutions (= prison) from the age of 16. 他自16岁起多次被捕入狱。 (CAUSING DISADVANTAGE) UK产生有害影响的；使处于不利地位的；苛刻的 having a harmful effect; causing disadvantage They complained about the penal and counter-productive tax rates. 他们抱怨税率繁重、不利生产。 Employees regarded the childcare charges as penal. 员工们认为托儿费很苛刻。 |
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