to go past something by being a greater amount or degree

Our US sales have now overtaken our sales in Europe. 我们在美国的销售额现已超过了我们在欧洲的销售额。

We'd planned to hold a meeting tomorrow, but events have overtaken us (= things have changed). 我们本打算明天召开一个会议，但情况发生了变化。

to come from behind another vehicle or a person and move in front of them

Always check your rear view mirror before you overtake (another car). 超车前一定要先看一下后视镜。

to happen to a person or a place suddenly and unexpectedly

The family was overtaken by tragedy several years ago, and they still haven't recovered. 几年前这家人突遭不幸，到现在还没恢复过来。