a process in which genes for proteins that react to light are added to cells, other proteins, etc. in order to study and control those cells or proteins

Optogenetics is a technology that allows you to turn specific neurons on and off in the brain by genetic targeting. 光遗传学是一种可以让你通过基因标定来激活大脑内特定的神经元的技术。

Using optogenetics, the scientists then briefly disabled a part of the brain as rats approached the crossroad. 然后科学家通过光遗传学技术，在大鼠快到十字路口时，暂时让其大脑的一部分失去功能。