the process of introducing a machine to do something that used to be done by hand

The decline in farm population was caused by increased mechanization of agriculture. 农业人口的减少是由于农业机械化程度的提高。

The early phases of the Industrial Revolution were closely linked to the mechanization of the textile industry. 工业革命的早期阶段与纺织工业的机械化密切相关。