(in the UK) the process in which a decision made by a government department or other public organization is examined by a court of law to decide whether it was right or not

Decisions made by public bodies may be subject to judicial review. 公共机构作出的决定可能受到司法审查。

There will be a judicial review of the Environment Department's decision to give planning permission for a new superstore on the site. 环境部决定允许在该地区建造一个新的超级商店，这一决定将接受司法审查。

(in the US) the process by which the Supreme Court decides whether something can be allowed according to the Constitution (= the set of political principles by which the United States is governed)

One of the Court's most fundamental powers is judicial review – the power to judge the constitutionality of any act or law of the executive or legislative branch. 最高法院最基本的权力之一是司法审查，即判断行政或立法部门的任何行为或法律是否符合宪法的权力。