referring to something or understood because of something outside a text or conversation

The use of exophoric reference requires some shared knowledge between two speakers, or between writer and reader(s). 外指引用的使用需要两个对话者之间或作者和读者之间有部分共同的知识。

Pronouns are often exophoric, as are words such as "this", "that", "here", "there". 代词通常是外指性的，下面这些词也是：“this（这），that（那），here（这里），there（那里）”。