the situation in which the audience of a play knows something that the characters do not know

The dramatic irony is created because neither the fairy rulers nor the human lovers know what the outcome of Puck's actions will be. 因为无论是神灵统治者还是人类恋人都不知道帕克的行为会带来什么后果，这样一来戏剧性讽示便建立起来了。