an illness, injury, or condition that makes it difficult for someone to do some things that other people do, and that is usually permanent or lasts for a long time

a physical/learning disability 身体残疾／学习障碍

She is deaf, but refuses to let her disability prevent her from doing what she wants to do. 虽然她的耳朵听不见声音，但她却并没有让这一残疾妨碍她去做自己想做的事情。

Trying to change attitudes to disability is an uphill struggle. 改变对待残疾的态度是一项艰巨的工作。