the process of changing or being changed into carbon, by burning, heating, or during fossilization (= the process of being preserved in rock over a long period)

Blackening or charring is carbonization, and makes your steak taste like charcoal, so avoid it. 不要烧黑或者烤焦牛排，因为这是碳化，会让牛排吃起来像木炭。

Solid fossil fuels are fossilized vegetable matter which have undergone various degrees of carbonization. 固体化石燃料是经过不同程度碳化的植物化石。