(of a building) the part above the ground

The foundations are finished and work has now begun on building the superstructure of the new library. 新图书馆的地基已经打好，现在已经开始修建上部结构了。

(of a ship) the part above the main deck

the ideas and systems of a society or organization that develop from more basic ideas and systems

According to Marxist theory, a society's superstructure is its legal, social, cultural and political institutions, which are based on its economic systems. 根据马克思主义理论，一个社会的上层建筑包括其法律、社会、文化和政治制度，而这些都是建立在其经济基础之上的。